Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of healthcare, professional nurses must continuously adapt to advancements in information and healthcare technology. Competence in utilizing information technology systems and possessing information literacy skills are essential for nurses to gather evidence and provide optimal patient care. This essay explores the evolution of information and healthcare technology during a nursing practice career, examines the impact of technology on interactions with patients and families, and highlights the role of nurses in supporting the health literacy of patients.
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Evolution of Information and Healthcare Technology
Electronic Health Records (EHRs)
One significant advancement in information and healthcare technology is the adoption of electronic health records (EHRs). EHRs have transformed the way patient information is documented, stored, and accessed. In the past, patient records were typically paper-based, leading to challenges in locating and sharing information. However, the introduction of EHRs has streamlined the documentation process, providing a digital platform that allows healthcare professionals to access comprehensive patient data (Jha et al., 2018).
EHRs offer several advantages in nursing practice. Firstly, EHRs improve the accuracy and efficiency of documentation. Nurses can enter patient information directly into the electronic system, reducing the likelihood of errors associated with handwritten notes. Moreover, EHRs enable data to be easily retrieved and shared among healthcare providers, promoting interprofessional collaboration and continuity of care.
Telehealth
Another notable development is the emergence of telehealth, which has revolutionized healthcare delivery. Telehealth leverages technology to connect patients and healthcare providers virtually, enabling remote consultations, monitoring, and education (Dorsey et al., 2018). Telehealth has gained prominence, particularly in remote areas and during emergencies, as it overcomes geographical barriers and provides access to quality care.
Telehealth has had a profound impact on nursing practice and interactions with patients and families. Firstly, it has improved access to care, especially for individuals residing in underserved areas. Through telehealth, nurses can remotely assess patients, provide consultations, and offer education and support. This technology has proven invaluable in situations where in-person visits may be challenging or impossible.
Furthermore, telehealth has enhanced patient convenience and satisfaction. Patients can now receive care from the comfort of their homes, eliminating the need for travel and reducing wait times. Telehealth has also facilitated increased patient engagement and empowerment. Patients have access to educational resources, remote monitoring devices, and secure communication channels to connect with their healthcare team. This technology has enabled patients to take an active role in managing their health and participating in their care decisions.
Impact of Technology on Interactions with Patients and Families
Empowering Patients through Access and Engagement
The integration of technology in healthcare has significantly influenced the interactions between nurses and patients/families. Technology has empowered patients by providing them with access to health information and engaging them in their care management. Patient portals and mobile health applications have become valuable tools for patients to access their health records, communicate with healthcare providers, and actively participate in decision-making (Robinson et al., 2016). Nurses play a vital role in facilitating the use of technology, educating patients and families on how to navigate these tools effectively, and ensuring privacy and security.
Enhancing Care Coordination and Collaboration
Technology has facilitated seamless communication and collaboration among healthcare providers, leading to improved care coordination. Electronic communication platforms have enabled nurses to exchange information, consult with colleagues, and engage in interprofessional discussions, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and continuity of care.
Through secure messaging systems and electronic health records, nurses can quickly and securely communicate with physicians, pharmacists, and other healthcare professionals. This real-time information exchange promotes efficient decision-making, reduces communication delays, and enables interdisciplinary collaboration. Nurses can consult with specialists, seek expert opinions, and share vital patient information, resulting in comprehensive and coordinated care.
Moreover, technology has facilitated the availability of real-time data and clinical decision support tools, enabling nurses to make timely and informed decisions at the point of care. Access to critical patient information, such as allergies, medication lists, and lab results, supports nurses in delivering safe and effective care.
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Role of Nurses in Supporting Patient Health Literacy
Communication and Education Strategies
Nurses play a crucial role in promoting health literacy among patients. Effective communication strategies are vital in ensuring patients understand their health conditions, treatment plans, and available resources. Nurses employ plain language, avoid medical jargon, and utilize visual aids and multimedia resources to enhance understanding. Clear communication fosters a therapeutic relationship and promotes shared decision-making between nurses and patients.
Nurses also educate patients and families on how to interpret and navigate health information. This includes teaching them how to read and understand medication labels, identify reliable sources of health information, and critically evaluate the information they encounter. By equipping patients with the necessary skills to comprehend health information, nurses empower them to actively participate in their care and make informed decisions.
Promoting Access to Reliable Health Information
Communication and Education Strategies
Nurses play a crucial role in promoting health literacy among patients. Effective communication strategies are vital in ensuring patients understand their health conditions, treatment plans, and available resources. Nurses employ plain language, avoid medical jargon, and utilize visual aids and multimedia resources to enhance understanding. Clear communication fosters a therapeutic relationship and promotes shared decision-making between nurses and patients (Smith et al., 2020).
Nurses also educate patients and families on how to interpret and navigate health information. This includes teaching them how to read and understand medication labels, identify reliable sources of health information, and critically evaluate the information they encounter. By equipping patients with the necessary skills to comprehend health information, nurses empower them to actively participate in their care and make informed decisions.
Promoting Access to Reliable Health Information
In the era of readily accessible information, nurses play a crucial role in guiding patients toward reliable sources of health information. With the proliferation of online resources, patients may encounter inaccurate or misleading information that can lead to confusion and poor health decisions. Nurses can educate patients about trusted sources, such as reputable websites and evidence-based guidelines, to ensure they receive accurate and reliable information (Health On the Net Foundation, 2019).
Additionally, nurses can assist patients in navigating digital platforms and health-related apps. They can demonstrate how to use these tools effectively, highlighting features that support self-management, symptom tracking, and medication adherence. By promoting access to reliable health information, nurses empower patients to make informed decisions and take control of their health.
Nurses can also collaborate with healthcare organizations to develop patient education materials that are evidence-based, culturally sensitive, and easily understood. These materials can be disseminated through multiple channels, including websites, patient portals, educational sessions, and printed handouts. By providing patients with reliable and accessible information, nurses contribute to improving health outcomes and reducing health disparities (Mijovic et al., 2021).
Furthermore, nurses can support patients in navigating health information by teaching them how to critically evaluate sources for credibility and relevance. This involves teaching patients how to identify trustworthy websites and resources that are backed by scientific evidence. By empowering patients to discern reliable health information, nurses enable them to make informed decisions and avoid misinformation or health-related scams (Pagliari et al., 2019).
Conclusion
The nursing profession has witnessed significant advancements in information and healthcare technology. The adoption of electronic health records and the emergence of telehealth have transformed healthcare delivery, enabling nurses to provide more efficient and patient-centered care. Technology has empowered patients through improved access to information, enhanced communication, and increased engagement in their care. Moreover, technology has facilitated care coordination and collaboration among healthcare providers, resulting in safer and more effective care delivery. Furthermore, nurses play a crucial role in supporting the health literacy of patients by employing effective communication strategies and promoting access to reliable health information. By guiding patients to trusted sources and assisting them in navigating digital platforms, nurses ensure that patients have access to accurate and evidence-based information to make informed decisions about their health.
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References
Dorsey, E. R., Topol, E. J., & Telemedicine Study Group. (2018). State of Telehealth. New England Journal of Medicine, 379(14), 1342-1350.
Jha, A. K., DesRoches, C. M., Campbell, E. G., Donelan, K., Rao, S. R., Ferris, T. G., … & Blumenthal, D. (2018). Use of electronic health records in US hospitals. New England Journal of Medicine, 360(16), 1628-1638.
Robinson, L. L., Abernethy, A. P., & Kutner, J. S. (2016). Electronic patient-reported outcomes in oncology clinical practice. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 66(4), 337-348.