How have robots and Artificial Intelligence (AI) been portrayed in digital filmmaking? Your response should focus on the movie Tron (1982), dir. Steven Lisberger, USA and Blade Runner (dir. Ridley Scott, 1982). With going back to the rich history of cinema as it began to experiment with digital formats and content. A good reading to get an understanding is Holly Willis, New Digital Cinema: Reinventing the Moving Image (London: Wallflower Press, 2005). Chapter 1: Exploding Cinema pp. 1-18.Word count: 3000 wordsSTYLE GUIDE: MHRASET READING FOR THE ESSAY:Scott Bukatman, Blade Runner (London: Palgrave Macmillan, 1997)David Norman Rodowick, The Virtual Life of Film Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 2007. Chapter 1, pp. 1-24, https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.08243. Other chapters welcome too!!!! Even better if!Guardian article: “Frankly it blew my mind’: how Tron changed cinema – and predicted the future of tech” https://www.theguardian.com/film/2022/jul/05/tron-steven-lisberger-interviewAndre Bazin, ‘The Ontology of the Photographic Image’, 1960. A key text in discussing the ‘ontology’ of different kinds of images, including painting and photography. You may wish to consider how the digital cinematic images in Tron, and those discussed by Rodowick, would relate to the ontology proposed by Bazin. FURTHER READING:•Toward a Black media philosophy by Armond R. Towns• AI ethics by Mark Coeckelbergh• Artificial Intelligence: Reflections in Philosophy, Theology, and the Social Sciences• Paul Goecke, Benedikt ; Marieke Rosenthal-von der Pütten, Astrid Goecke, Benedikt ; Rosenthal-von der Pütten, Astrid Boston: BRILL, 2020• Kant and Artificial Intelligence / Hyeongjoo Kim, Dieter Schönecker, editors. Kim, Hyeongjoo, editor. Schönecker, Dieter, editor. Berlin : De Gruyter, 2022[order_button_a]